Disease such as gastritis is becoming more common nowadays. The most important condition for a speedy recovery is the diet for gastritis, which consists of eating tender food for the gastric mucosa and following certain dietary rules. Why you should stick to a diet, what is the risk of non-compliance and what will be the consequences, we will understand in this article.
Why should you follow a diet with gastritis of the stomach?
No drug can completely cure gastritis (acute or chronic). Currently, pharmacies offer a wide variety of drugs for gastritis, but all of them can only eliminate the symptoms of the disease (pain and cramps in the stomach, heartburn, stool disorders, belching), and not undergo a full course of treatment. Without diet, medications will not be able to give the expected results and will be a waste of money.
General rules
The basic principle of a diet for inflammation of the gastric mucosa is to maintain a rational diet that helps ensure adequate digestion. The menu for gastritis (both high acidity and low) involves the use of a certain daily content of nutrients: from 90 to 100 g of protein and fat, from 400 to 420 g of carbohydrates. In this case, the calorie content should not exceed 3000. Drinking fluids should be at least 2 liters per day.
The diet for gastritis should be serious, but at the same time recipes should include nutritious foods that do not irritate the stomach walls. The food should be eaten crushed, well cooked or steamed. You should eat often, food intake should be moderate. Do not indulge in contrasting dishes - there are cold dishes apart from hot ones. It is forbidden to eat at night, because at night the stomach is obliged to rest, like any individual human organ.
Diet and gastritis
Hyperacid
This type of gastritis is accompanied by increased secretion of gastric juice. For him, the first on the list was specially selected - diet number 1, whose main purpose is to protect and protect the gastric mucosa from external stimuli. Therefore, the basis of rational digestion includes foods that reduce acidity. The diet suggests eating the following foods:
- milk porridge (semolina, oatmeal, rice);
- mashed vegetable soups;
- skimmed milk and dairy products;
- stewed egg omelette;
- lean meat (rabbit, turkey meat);
- fish with low-fat varieties (hake, pollock, flounder, etc. ).
The menu for the disease should consist of such vegetables: boiled potatoes, carrots, zucchini, squash. All diet recipes include vegetable dishes that are cooked, steamed and mashed. Of the fruits, preference should be given to non-acidic varieties of fruit: avocado, mango, sweet apple. You should eat sweet fruits: strawberries, raspberries, cherries, as well as melons (watermelon and melon).
It is very useful to drink a glass of milk in the morning and evening. The inclusion of animal and vegetable oils in the diet will have a positive effect on the stomach and will help eliminate painful symptoms. In gastritis it is forbidden to eat such dishes that cause excessive secretion of gastric juice. They include:
- fried, salty, spicy foods;
- sauces;
- black bread;
- fresh pastry from butter dough;
- canned products;
- black coffee and tea.
The diet for patients with gastritis strictly prohibits the intake of alcohol, beer, baking soda.
Hypoacid
In diffuse and erosive gastritis there is a reduced acidity of the stomach. It is necessary to eat easily digestible food that does not irritate the walls of the stomach. Examples of permitted foods are: stale bread; cereals, the most useful of which will be oatmeal, buckwheat, rice porridge (especially for breakfast). In hypoacid gastritis, many fruits can be mashed or grated. Citrus fruits are allowed in moderation. Berry compote is also useful.
The meat is preferable to eat lean varieties: chicken, turkey, young beef; fish - hake, cod, flounder (exclude only fatty varieties). You can cook hateful meat and fish broths. Low-fat dairy products and yogurt desserts are allowed. From the flour it is worth giving up muffins and greasy biscuits. Black tea is forbidden, but you can afford to drink yeast, beer, black coffee. Smoked meats and salty and spicy dishes are prohibited for use in food.
The approximate diet for patients with gastritis with low stomach acidity is not as difficult as in disease with high acidity and sometimes, in the absence of exacerbations, even includes the use of fried foods, pickled vegetables.
Types of diets and their characteristics
Treatment of patients with gastritis with diet number 1
It is indicated for gastric ulcers, with superficial, diffuse and erosive gastritis. The food is cooked boiled or steamed, not cut. Eliminate foods that contribute to excessive stomach acid. The diet for gastritis sufferers is aimed at treating the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, healing ulcers and erosions and normalizing the stomach. You should eat 5-6 times a day, with 2-hour breaks between meals and eat in small portions.
Diet number one has two modifications: number 1a and number 1b. Diet 1a has the following principle: the dishes are prepared in liquid, pureed or crushed form.It is recommended to eat very often - 6-7 times a day until you can eat vegetables, fruits and baked goods.Such a strict diet is prescribed to patients with diffuse, erosive gastritis, as well as in the first week of the postoperative period. Dietary table number 1b contains the same principles of the diet, but differs only in the composition of substances (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) and nutritional value. It is prescribed when the course of treatment with Table 1a is completed.
Diet number 2 and gastritis
Therapeutic diet is indicated for superficial, chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, enteritis and colitis, which are in the process of recovery. Proper nutrition is aimed at supplying the body with nutrients, stimulating the secretory function of the digestive system and normalizing the normal functioning of the digestive tract. With such a diet it is allowed to cook and eat food in boiled, stewed, not very fried form.
The use of indigestible, irritating to the gastric mucosa, contrast foods is prohibited.
Diet number 5 and gastritis
This is a diet that is indicated not only in superficial gastritis, but also in other diseases: with hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, chronic colitis and inflammation of the gallbladder. Dietary food is aimed at providing the body with a complete and high quality fortified composition, normalization of lipid metabolism and normal functioning of the digestive tract. Food should be tender to the stomach, limited in animal fat, cooked, stewed or stewed. You should eat often, 4-5 times a day, eat in small portions.
Principles of nutrition for children and pregnant women
In the treatment of a child's illness, in order to eliminate the unpleasant symptoms, in addition to taking medication, much attention is paid to adherence to a proper diet. There are three main principles of dietary therapy for a child: adherence to the diet (timely nutrition - at least 4 times a day, with short breaks in between); the quality and the correct technology of their preparation (the products must be fresh, prepared immediately before the main meal, salt and flavorings must be added to a minimum); the content of healthy and nutritious meals for the child in the healing menu.
For pregnant women with a disease such as gastritis, bed rest and a strict diet are recommended.A simple protein diet is indicated, eat 5-6 times a day.All foods can be cooked boiled and steamed, it is strictly forbidden to eat fried food. The diet for pregnant women prohibits the use of sweet foods, hot spices and salt. The therapeutic effect will be provided by the use of dairy products, steamed omelets, eggs, cereals, mineral water and at the same time the rest of the diet food, which is indicated for people with hyperacid and hypoacid form of the disease.
Approximate diet menu for the day
- Breakfast: steamed omelet, cocoa with milk.
- Second breakfast: fruit yogurt.
- Lunch: chicken broth, rice porridge and steamed fish cake, berry compote.
- Afternoon snack: a cheesecake and apple jelly.
- Dinner: a portion of baked potatoes, vinaigrette, chamomile tea.
- Second dinner: fermented baked milk and biscuits.
What are the risks of not following a diet?
For people, non-compliance with the diet with the disease leads to the following consequences: pathology of the gastric mucosa, the formation of ulcers and erosions, which will lead to gastric ulcer. In addition, there is a violation of the functioning of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract and the development of their diseases. In the worst case, gastritis can lead to the development of stomach cancer. Therefore, to avoid such sad consequences, follow the simple rules of medical diet and diet, then nothing will endanger your health.