Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) is accompanied by severe pain. If left untreated, the disease becomes chronic, characterized by frequent exacerbations. Diet in pancreatic pancreatitis is mandatory. It is the observance of the principles of medical nutrition that significantly reduces the risk of developing an attack.
Characteristics of the diet
Nutrition in pancreatic pancreatitis has its own characteristics. The main task of the diet is to reduce the activity of the body. How to eat pancreatitis so as not to worsen your health? The main principles are:
- complete rejection of fatty or fried foods and pastries;
- lack of coarse fiber in the diet;
- only cooking and stewing methods are used in the cooking process;
- fractional diet - food intake is carried out in six to seven meals in small portions;
- the food served should be pureed or finely chopped.
During the day the patient should consume at least 2 liters of any fluid.
Spicy eating
Diet in acute pancreatitis helps to eliminate severe symptoms of an attack. Its purpose is to stop the production of pancreatic juice, which contains digestive enzymes. It is achieved by refusing to eat (during the first few days) and following a bed rest.
What can you eat with pancreatitis during this period? During the first one to three days from the onset of the attack - depending on the severity of the patient's condition - the person will be recommended complete starvation. Only drinking is allowed: mineral alkaline water, decoction of wild rose fruit, lightly brewed unsweetened tea, water. After stabilization of the condition and elimination of the pain syndrome, the patients are given a diet.
After stopping the attack, food should be partial - up to 8 times a day. The initial portion size is no more than 50-100 grams. As the low-calorie diet practiced during this period does not meet physiological norms, it is quite short: no more than 7 days. All used products are boiled and the dishes are served hot and have a semi-liquid consistency.
| Days | Authorized products |
|---|---|
| First | Mashed porridge, slimy cereal soups (millet and corn grains are prohibited), vegetable decoctions, low-brewed teas with added sugar, compote, homemade crackers, fruit jelly and jelly. |
| Second | |
| Third | Cottage cheese dishes: souffles, puddings, pasta, steamed omelet. |
| Fourth | Milk porridge. |
| Fifth | Meat puree soup. |
| Sixth | Butter (small amount), vegetable puree (cabbage is prohibited). |
| seventh | Meat or fish souffle. |
The patient is then transferred to a basic diet, the variety of which depends on the presence of concomitant diseases. If we talk about which table is set most often, then this is number 5P. The diet for acute inflammation of the pancreas lasts 6-12 months.
Nutritional therapy for chronic form
For patients with chronic pancreatitis, diet is a lifelong obligation, as any dietary errors can exacerbate the pathology. Each attack of the disease is accompanied by partial replacement of functioning tissues with fibrous ones, which ultimately leads to the development of insufficiency of the secretory function of the gland.
During the period of exacerbation of the chronic form of pancreatitis, accompanied by severe pathological symptoms, the patient is prescribed a strict 7-day diet, as in the acute form. After improving the health, the patient is transferred to a diet in accordance with Table № 5 P.
Its main characteristics:
- the dishes served at the table must be either wiped or carefully cut;
- the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates meets the physiological needs of the body;
- in case of poor protein absorption, its percentage decreases due to an increase in carbohydrate content;
- products containing fiber and extractives are completely excluded;
- the amount of salt is limited to 6 grams per day;
- partial feeding - up to 6 times a day;
- overeating is unacceptable.
Permitted and prohibited foods from the diet № 5 P
What can you eat with inflammation of the pancreas? The product set includes:
- Cooked vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, squash, green peas, cauliflower, beets. In the absence of a negative reaction, you can include raw carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes.
- Cereals - buckwheat, rice, oats, semolina. The porridge should have a semi-liquid consistency. Semolina and rice souffle are allowed. Limited - barley, corn, millet, barley.
- Vegetable broth soups, milk soups, puree soups. Carefully cooked cereals are used for thickening - semolina, rice, oatmeal. Finely chop the vegetables. You can't fry them. Sour cream, sour cream, butter, milk are allowed for dressing.
- Low fat meats - beef, veal, chicken, rabbit.
- Low-fat fish - cod, hake, pike, perch, pollock, blue whiting. Boil or stew.
- Yesterday's or dried wheat bread, uncooked biscuits.
- Low fat yogurt - yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese. You can serve grated cheese with a neutral taste.
- Protein omelet, soft-boiled eggs.
- Sauces prepared with vegetable broth. You can't fry the flour to thicken it.
- Sweet apples baked in the oven. Fruit mousses, jellies, jellies, canned food.
- Fresh fruit puree.
- Creamy and refined sunflower oil.
From drinks: weakly brewed tea with the addition of lemon, fruit juices with a sweet taste, pre-diluted with water, rosehip infusion, apricot compotes, pears, apples, still water. If you are potassium deficient, your diet should include carrot juice. Proper nutrition with an inflamed pancreas is the key to good health. Therefore, it is necessary to exclude from the menu products that can provoke exacerbations.
What should not be eaten in inflammation of the pancreas? The list of prohibited foods includes:
- fresh bread, yeast pasta, pastries, cakes;
- rich soups, cabbage soup, borsch, okroshka and beets;
- fried dishes - pies, cheese, pancakes, pancakes;
- fatty meats;
- quarantines;
- crumbly cereals;
- vegetables that contain fiber, mushrooms;
- fresh vegetables and fruits with care;
- cooking fats and lard;
- bananas, grapes, dates;
- hot spices;
- alcohol, coffee, soda, ice cream, cocoa.
After the disease has passed into remission, it is allowed to introduce fresh vegetables and fruits.
Example of a weekly menu
An approximate menu for a week with pancreatitis may look like this:
| Breakfast | Lunch | Dinner | Snack | Dinner | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monday | Steamed omelette, cottage cheese souffle, drink | Biscuits with cheese, stewed apple | Semolina soup with carrot puree, buckwheat with boiled zucchini, drink | Grated apple | Oatmeal, beet salad, baked apple |
| Tuesday | Puree of rice porridge, cottage cheese, drink | Apple puree | Buckwheat soup with vegetables, stewed chicken dumplings, jelly | Stewed protein omelet, diluted juice | Steamed fish cutlet, garnished with mashed potatoes, drink |
| Wednesday | Rice liquid milk porridge, protein omelet, drink | Cottage cheese with sweet jelly | Cream of cauliflower soup, chicken souffle, drink | Stewed apple or pear | Steamed fish dumplings with vegetable puree, drink |
| Thursday | Steamed omelette, milk buckwheat (puree), tea | Cottage cheese | Cream of carrot soup, beef cutlets, garnished with rice porridge, drink | Juice with biscuits | Steamed fish cakes with vegetable puree, compote |
| Friday | Porridge with butter, steamed protein omelet, cheese, drink | Baked deer with carrots, sweet juice | Soup with meatballs, meat puree with pumpkin puree, drink | Cottage cheese pudding | Steamed fish cakes with cauliflower, drink |
| Saturday | Oatmeal, cottage cheese, drink | Soft-boiled egg, juice | Pumpkin soup seasoned with sour cream, beef stroganoff with carrot puree, drink | Biscuit cookies, juice | Fish dumplings with rice porridge, drink |
| Sunday | Semolina pudding, sprinkled with jelly, cottage cheese, drink | Protein omelet, juice | Buckwheat soup, chicken souffle, drink | Sweet jelly with dry cookies | Boiled fish with rice porridge, compote. |
At night you should drink a glass of kefir or yogurt. Since the diet with inflammation of the pancreas imposes significant restrictions and prohibits the use of many spices, it is important to learn how to choose the right food to diversify the menu. After all, food for pancreatitis should be not only healthy but also delicious.
Nutritionists recommend the following combinations:
| Days of the week | Grocery kit |
|---|---|
| Monday | Beef, potato, oatmeal, carrot, apple |
| Tuesday | Chicken, fish, noodles, cottage cheese, apple, cookies, rice |
| Wednesday | Rabbit, chicken, buckwheat, pumpkin, carrots, nuts |
| Thursday | Turkey, pollock, semolina, carrots, onions |
| Friday | Beef, cheese, dates, chicken, buckwheat, croutons |
| Saturday | Rice, zucchini, carrots, protein, chicken, kefir, beef |
| Sunday | Potatoes, semolina, oats, dates, dried apricots, biscuits, cod |
As drinks you can use:
- lightly brewed tea - black, green;
- fresh and dried fruit compotes;
- decoction of rose hips.
Days of starvation
When diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis, nutritionists recommend unloading. On such days, patients eat only one type of food.
In inflammation of the pancreas, you can practice the following one-day monodiet:
- Oatmeal. You need to boil 200 grams of oatmeal in water. Divide it into 6 parts. During the day you should drink 400 ml of rosehip decoction.
- Cottage cheese. So, fill 600 grams of cottage cheese (fat-free) with sour cream (60 grams). Divide into 4 portions. Allow 400 ml of rosehip broth.
- Fruits and cottage cheese. Mix prunes (400 grams) and the same amount of low-fat cottage cheese. Eat 6 meals.
- Rice compote. Boil 1, 5 liters of apple compote. Prepare a porridge of 50 grams of rice. Sweeten a little. Drink compote during the day. There is porridge in the morning and in the evening.
- Melon. During the day you should eat 1, 5 watermelon pulp (peel does not count) in five to six meals.
- pumpkin. Bake 2 kg of pumpkin porridge in the oven. Divide it into 5 steps.
- Apple. Bake 1, 5 kg of apples in the oven and eat for a day.
Physical activity is prohibited on these days.
Several recipes
The diet for pancreatitis in adults, as already mentioned, is quite monotonous, which is why it is so important to please patients with food with different tastes. To prepare meat pudding you will need:
- veal - 250 grams;
- butter - 45 grams;
- semolina - 25 grams;
- water - 100 ml;
- egg.
Preparation:
- Boil the meat and chop it.
- Pour semolina with water and add one egg. Stir.
- Combine the two components, mix well and shape.
Cook in a double boiler.
Slimy oatmeal soup is prepared with the following foods:
- oatmeal - 1 cup;
- water - 1, 3 liters;
- milk - 100 ml;
- egg;
- butter - 1 tsp
Preparation:
- Fill the flakes with boiling water and cook for 30 minutes on low heat. The finished broth is filtered and allowed to boil again.
- Stir the egg into the hot milk and add the mixture to the oatmeal broth in a thin stream.
When serving, add butter.
The mass of the patient with pancreatitis should also offer sweet dishes. For dessert you will need:
- egg white;
- granulated sugar - 35 grams;
- berries - 100 grams;
- flour - 25 grams;
- water - 120 ml;
- vanillin.
Preparation:
- Beat the egg whites with the sugar and vanilla.
- Spread the mass with a spoon in boiling water. Cook them for 4 minutes.
When serving, the dessert is topped with mashed berries sauce, flour and granulated sugar. Pancreatitis is a complex disease characterized by frequent exacerbations. Adherence to the diet helps to reduce their number and bring the disease into a stage of long-term remission.